• conjunctions are words that join words or sentences.

The most important A1 conjunctions

Conjunction	Meaning / use	Example
and	adds information	I have a brother and a sister.
but	shows a difference	I like tea, but I don’t like coffee.
or	gives a choice	Do you want tea or coffee?
because	gives a reason	I am tired because I worked all day.
so	gives a result	I am tired, so I will go home.
if	gives a condition	If it rains, we stay at home.
when	says when something happens	Call me when you arrive.
before	says what happens first	Wash your hands before you eat.
after	says what happens later	We went home after the film.

Very basic A1 examples

• and → Anna is nice and friendly.
• but → I am tired, but I am happy.
• or → Is it red or blue?
• because → I am at home because I am sick.
• so → It is raining, so I need an umbrella.
• if → If you are hungry, eat something.
• when → When I get home, I call my mother.
• before → Brush your teeth before you go to bed.
• after → We have coffee after lunch.

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Fill in, use and – but – or – because – so – if – when – before – after

1. I have a brother ___ a sister.
2. I like tea, ___ I don’t like coffee.
3. Do you want water ___ juice?
4. I am hungry ___ I have not eaten today.
5. It is raining, ___ I need an umbrella.
6. ___ you are tired, you can go to bed.
7. ___ I get home, I take off my shoes.
8. Wash your hands ___ you eat.
9. We went home ___ the film.
10. Sarah is young ___ very friendly.
11. He has a car, ___ he does not drive it.
12. Would you like tea ___ coffee?
13. I am happy ___ today is my birthday.
14. It is cold, ___ I am wearing a warm jacket.
15. ___ you are hungry, there is some food in the kitchen.
16. ___ I wake up, I have a shower.
17. Brush your teeth ___ you go to bed.
18. We had dinner ___ we watched TV.
19. Tom can speak English ___ German.
20. The hotel is nice, ___ the rooms are very small.
21. I cannot go out ___ I am sick.
22. The bus is late, ___ I will walk.
23. Do you want to sit inside ___ outside?
24. ___ it is sunny, we can eat outside.
25. ___ you finish work, you can go home.
26. Put on your coat ___ you go outside.
27. I had breakfast ___ I went to work.
28. She likes apples ___ bananas.
29. The food is good, ___ the service is slow.
30. We stayed at home ___ it was raining.
31. I was tired, ___ I went to bed early.
32. Would you like a room with one bed ___ two beds?
33. ___ you need help, please ask me.
34. ___ I see my friend, I say hello.
35. Please close the window ___ you leave the room.
36. We went for a walk ___ lunch.
37. My father is tall ___ my mother is short.
38. I want to go swimming, ___ the water is too cold.
39. She is wearing a coat ___ it is cold outside.
40. It was late, ___ we went home.

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Answers:

1. I have a brother and a sister.
2. I like tea, but I don’t like coffee.
3. Do you want water or juice?
4. I am hungry because I have not eaten today.
5. It is raining, so I need an umbrella.
6. If you are tired, you can go to bed.
7. When I get home, I take off my shoes.
8. Wash your hands before you eat.
9. We went home after the film.
10. Sarah is young and very friendly.
11. He has a car, but he does not drive it.
12. Would you like tea or coffee?
13. I am happy because today is my birthday.
14. It is cold, so I am wearing a warm jacket.
15. If you are hungry, there is some food in the kitchen.
16. When I wake up, I have a shower.
17. Brush your teeth before you go to bed.
18. We had dinner after we watched TV.
19. Tom can speak English and German.
20. The hotel is nice, but the rooms are very small.
21. I cannot go out because I am sick.
22. The bus is late, so I will walk.
23. Do you want to sit inside or outside?
24. If it is sunny, we can eat outside.
25. When you finish work, you can go home.
26. Put on your coat before you go outside.
27. I had breakfast after I went to work.
28. She likes apples and bananas.
29. The food is good, but the service is slow.
30. We stayed at home because it was raining.
31. I was tired, so I went to bed early.
32. Would you like a room with one bed or two beds?
33. If you need help, please ask me.
34. When I see my friend, I say hello.
35. Please close the window before you leave the room.
36. We went for a walk after lunch.
37. My father is tall, but my mother is short.
38. I want to go swimming, but the water is too cold.
39. She is wearing a coat because it is cold outside.
40. It was late, so we went home.

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Remember how babies
learn a language:

Babies learn a language by listening.
They use their ears to hear sounds.
Their brain remembers these sounds.
Babies connect sounds with people and things.
They listen to their parents.
Then they copy the sounds they hear. They imitate words.
Slowly, babies learn to speak.

So,
LISTEN, LISTEN, LISTEN, LISTEN………………