Autor: wolfgang kugler

How a small village turns a problem plant into beautiful crafts and stronger families.


Check out PRESENT SIMPLE first.

The Shinta Mani Foundation helps women in a small village. These women want a better life for their families. The Foundation gave them a loan with no interest. This means they can borrow money and pay it back later without extra cost.

The women use water hyacinth, a plant that grows too much and blocks rivers. They turn this plant into beautiful, eco-friendly bags. This helps the environment by using a plant that would be a problem.

Making and selling the bags gives the women money. They use the money to send their children to school, buy food, go to the doctor, and fix their homes. The work also helps the women stay close and support each other.

The women use traditional weaving skills. These skills come from their families and culture. The bags are strong and pretty. Many people who care about nature want to buy them.

This project helps the women and the environment. It gives the women confidence and independence. Buying these bags helps both the planet and the people.

__________________________

Vocabulary:

• weeds: plants that grow where people do not want them.
• a bag: something to carry things in.
• to weave: to make something by crossing threads or plants.
• a village: a small group of houses where people live.
• crafts: things made by hand, like art or useful items.
• a foundation: a group that helps people or does good work.
• a loan with no interest: money you borrow and give back without extra money.
• to borrow money: to take money and give it back later.
• extra cost: more money you have to pay.
• a water hyacinth: a plant that grows in water.
• to block rivers: to stop rivers from flowing.
• eco-friendly: good for the earth and nature.
• environment: the world around us – plants, animals, air, and water.
• to sell: to give something to someone for money.
• to fix a home: to make a house better or repair it.
• to support: to help or take care of someone.
• skills: things you can do well because you learned them.
• to care about nature: to want to protect animals, plants, and the earth.
• to give confidence: to help someone feel sure and brave.
• independence: being able to do things by yourself.
• a planet: a big round place in space, like earth where we live.

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Test your vocabulary, one correct:

part 1: 1-16

part 2: 17-21

1. What does “weeds” mean?
a) plants that grow where people do not want them
b) flowers in a garden
c) trees that grow very tall

2. What is “a bag”?
a) a kind of shoe
b) something to carry things in
c) a piece of furniture

3. What does “to weave” mean?
a) to cut paper
b) to paint a picture
c) to make something by crossing threads or plants

4. What is “a village”?
a) a kind of food
b) a small group of houses where people live
c) a very big city

5. What are “crafts”?
a) things made by hand, like art or useful items
b) machines that fly
c) types of music

6. What is “a foundation”?
a) a group that helps people or does good work
b) a kind of animal
c) a type of plant

7. What is “a loan with no interest”?
a) money you find on the street
b) money you borrow and give back without extra money
c) money you get as a gift

8. What does “to borrow money” mean?
a) to lose money
b) to steal money
c) to take money and give it back later

9. What is “extra cost”?
a) more money you have to pay
b) free money
c) a discount on prices

10. What is “a water hyacinth”?
a) a kind of fish
b) a small bird
c) a plant that grows in water

11. What does “to block rivers” mean?
a) to stop rivers from flowing
b) to make rivers bigger
c) to clean rivers

12. What does “eco-friendly” mean?
a) bad for plants
b) good for the earth and nature
c) something made of plastic

13. What is “environment”?
a) a machine
b) the world around us – plants, animals, air, and water
c) a type of building

14. What does “to sell” mean?
a) to buy something
b) to give something to someone for money
c) to borrow something

15. What does “to fix a home” mean?
a) to make a house better or repair it
b) to clean a house
c) to paint a picture

16. What does “to support” mean?
a) to hurt someone
b) to help or take care of someone
c) to run very fast

17. What are “skills”?
a) foods you eat
b) things you can do well because you learned them
c) toys you play with

18. What does “to care about nature” mean?
a) to break trees
b) to want to protect animals, plants, and the earth
c) to ignore plants and animals

19. What does “to give confidence” mean?
a) to tell someone a secret
b) to help someone feel sure and brave
c) to make someone sad

20. What is “independence”?
a) being able to do things by yourself
b) needing help all the time
c) working with others

21. What is “a planet”?
a) a type of cloud
b) a big round place in space, like earth where we live
c) a kind of star
_______________________

Answer key:
1 a, 2 b, 3 c, 4 b, 5 a, 6 a, 7 b, 8 c, 9 a, 10 c, 11 a, 12 b, 13 b, 14 b, 15 a, 16 b, 17 b, 18 b, 19 b, 20 a, 21 b
#################

Match the definitions to their respective words:

Definitions

1. plants that grow where people do not want them:___e___
2. something to carry things in:______
3. to make something by crossing threads or plants:______
4. a small group of houses where people live:______
5. things made by hand, like art or useful items:______
6. a group that helps people or does good work:______
7. money you borrow and give back without extra money:______
8. to take money and give it back later:______
9. more money you have to pay:______
10. a plant that grows in water:______
11. to stop rivers from flowing:______
12. good for the earth and nature:______
13. the world around us – plants, animals, air, and water:______
14. to give something to someone for money:______
15. to make a house better or repair it:______
16. to help or take care of someone:______
17. things you can do well because you learned them:______
18. to want to protect animals, plants, and the earth:______
19. to help someone feel sure and brave:______
20. being able to do things by yourself:______
21. a big round place in space, like earth where we live:______

Words

a. independence
b. to care about nature
c. a loan with no interest
d. to give confidence
e. weeds
f. a bag
g. to weave
h. to borrow money
i. to support
j. a village
k. to sell
l. eco-friendly
m. to fix a home
n. crafts
o. environment
p. a foundation
q. skills
r. to block rivers
s. a planet
t. a water hyacinth
u. extra cost

________________________

Answers: 1 e, 2 f, 3 g, 4 j, 5 n, 6 p, 7 c, 8 h,
9 u, 10 t, 11 r, 12 l, 13 o, 14 k, 15 m, 16 i,
17 q, 18 b, 19 d, 20 a, 21 s

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True or False?

1. The Shinta Mani Foundation works with women in a small village.
2. The women get a loan with high interest.
3. They use water hyacinth to make eco-friendly bags.
4. Water hyacinths grow in the mountains.
5. Selling bags helps the women send their children to school.
6. The project is bad for the environment.
7. The women use traditional weaving skills.
8. The bags are weak and break easily.
9. Many people who care about nature want to buy the bags.
10. The women use the money to fix their homes.
11. The project gives the women confidence and independence.
12. The bags are made from plastic.
13. The women learned weaving skills from their families.
14. Buying a bag helps both the women and the planet.
    ______________

True: 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14

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Short answers:

1. Does the Shinta Mani Foundation help women in a small village?
   Yes, it does.
2. Do the women get a loan with no interest?
   _____________
3. Do the women make bags from plastic bottles?
   _____________
4. Does water hyacinth grow in the river?
   _____________
5. Do the women sell the bags to earn money?
   _____________
6. Do the women use the money to travel to other countries?
   _____________
7. Does the project help the women send their children to school?
   _____________
8. Do the bags hurt the environment?
   _____________
9. Do the women fix their homes with the money?
   _____________
10. Does the project give the women more confidence?
    _____________
11. Do the women get less food because of the project?
    _____________
12. Do the women stay as a strong group?
    _____________
13. Does the project make the women work alone?
    _____________
14. Do the bags help the planet?
    _____________
    
    
    _______________

True: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 9, 10, 12, 14
________________

Full version:

Does the Shinta Mani Foundation help women in a small village? — Yes, it does.

Do the women get a loan with no interest? — Yes, they do.

Do the women make bags from plastic bottles? — No, they don’t.

Does water hyacinth grow in the river? — Yes, it does.

Do the women sell the bags to earn money? — Yes, they do.

Do the women use the money to travel to other countries? — No, they don’t.

Does the project help the women send their children to school? — Yes, it does.

Do the bags hurt the environment? — No, they don’t.

Do the women fix their homes with the money? — Yes, they do.

Does the project give the women more confidence? — Yes, it does.

Do the women get less food because of the project? — No, they don’t.

Do the women stay as a strong group? — Yes, they do.

Does the project make the women work alone? — No, it doesn’t.

Do the bags help the planet? — Yes, they do.

#####################

Fill in, words below:

independence – plants – skills – planet – village – Plastic – fix – families – loan – children – supports -eco-friendly

_______________________

1. The Shinta Mani Foundation supports women in a small __________.
2. The women started a business with a no-interest __________.
3. They turn water hyacinth into __________ bags.
4. Water hyacinth are __________ that grow in rivers.
5. The income helps the women send their __________ to school.
6. They can also buy more clothes for their __________.
7. The women use traditional weaving __________ to make the bags.
8. Selling bags allows the women to _________ and improve their homes.
9. The project helps the women gain confidence and ________.
10. The group of women stays strong and __________each other.
11. __________ bags are bad for the environment.
12. The project also helps protect the __________.

____________________________

Full version:

1. The Shinta Mani Foundation supports women in a small village.
2. The women started a business with a no-interest loan.
3. They turn water hyacinth into eco-friendly bags.
4. Water hyacinths are plants that grow in rivers.
5. The income helps the women send their children to school.
6. They can also buy more clothes for their families.
7. The women use traditional weaving skills to make the bags.
8. Selling bags allows the women to fix and improve their homes.
9. The project helps the women gain confidence and independence.
10. The group of women stays strong and supports each other.
11. Plastic bags are bad for the environment.
12. The project also helps protect the planet.

#####################

Complete the story, words below:

weaving – borrow – confidence – eco-friendly – village.- blocks – women – life – sell – loan
________________________

The Shinta Mani Foundation helps women in a small __________.
They want a better __________ for their families.
The Foundation gives them a__________ with no interest.
They __________ money and pay it back later without extra cost.
The women use water hyacinth, a plant that grows too much and __________ rivers.
They make __________ bags from the plant.
They __________ the bags and get money for school, food, doctors, and fixing homes.
They keep their __________ skills from their culture.
The bags are strong and beautiful.
The project helps the __________ and the planet.
It gives them __________ and independenc

___________________

Full version:

The Shinta Mani Foundation helps women in a small village.
They want a better life for their families.
The Foundation gives them a loan with no interest.
They borrow money and pay it back later without extra cost.
The women use water hyacinth, a plant that grows too much and blocks rivers.
They make eco-friendly bags from the plant.
They sell the bags and get money for school, food, doctors, and fixing homes.
They keep their weaving skills from their culture.
The bags are strong and beautiful.
The project helps the women and the planet.
It gives them confidence and independence.

Chhorvon’s Relaxing Holiday Story

Listen to the story. If you don’t understand, listen again.
Then do these exercises (some answers are at the end of the test!).

Exercise 1 – one answer correct:

1. What time does Chhorvon wake up?

a) 7 o’clock
b) 8 o’clock
c) 6 o’clock

2. What does she see when she opens the curtains?

a) The green garden
b) The swimming pool
c) The restaurant

3. Where does Chhorvon eat breakfast?

a) In her room
b) In the restaurant
c) By the pool

4. What does she drink for breakfast?

a) Coffee
b) Juice
c) Water

5. What does she eat with her coffee?

a) Eggs
b) Fresh fruit
c) Bread

6. Where does Chhorvon swim?

a) In the river
b) In the sea
c) In the big pool

7. How is the water in the pool?

a) Cold and dirty
b) Hot
c) Cool and nice

8. What does she do at noon?

a) Visit a temple
b) Go shopping
c) Rest in her room

9. What does she do in her room at noon?

a) Read a book
b) Watch TV
c) Sleep

10. What else does she do in her room?

a) Cook food
b) Call her family
c) Listen to music

11. Where does Chhorvon go in the afternoon?

a) To the spa
b) To the gym
c) To the market

12. What does she do at the spa?

a) Take a bath
b) Have a massage
c) Do yoga

13. How does the massage feel?

a) Very good
b) Bad
c) Okay

14. Where does she watch the sunset?

a) At the pool
b) In the garden
c) From the balcony

15. When does she eat dinner?

a) In the evening
b) In the morning
c) At noon

16. Where does she eat dinner?

a) By the pool
b) In the restaurant
c) In her room

17. What is the food like?

a) Bad
b) Delicious
c) Cold

18. What does she do after dinner?

a) Swim in the pool
b) Walk in the garden
c) Watch TV

19. How does she feel after walking in the garden?

a) Angry
b) Happy and calm
c) Tired and sad

20. What does Chhorvon do at the end of the day?

a) Call her friends
b) Go to a party
c) Go to bed and sleep well

________________

Answers: 1 a, 2 a, 3 b, 4 a, 5 b, 6 c, 7 c,
8 c, 9 a, 10 c, 11 a, 12 b, 13 a, 14 c, 15 a,
16 b, 17 b, 18 b, 19 b, 20 c
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Exercise 2:

True or false?

1. She drinks coffee for breakfast.
2. She goes to the market in the afternoon.
3. She sees the green garden when she opens the curtains.
4. The pool water is cold and dirty.
5. She has a massage in the spa.
6. She eats breakfast in her room.
7. She watches the sunset from the balcony.
8. She rests in her room at noon.
9. After dinner, she walks in the garden.
10. The food at dinner is bad.
11. She swims in the sea.
12. She reads a book and listens to music at noon.
13. She feels happy and calm after walking in the garden.
14. She goes to bed and sleeps well.
15. She eats dinner by the pool.
16. The massage feels very good.
17. She wakes up at 8 o’clock.
18. She watches TV after dinner.
19. She eats fresh fruit for breakfast.
20. She visits the gym in the afternoon.
    
    ____________________________
    

True: 1,3,5,7,8,9,12,13,14,16,19

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Exercise 3:

Yes, she does? or, No, she doesn’t?

1. Does Chhorvon wake up at 7 o’clock?
2. Does she eat breakfast in her room?
3. Does she drink coffee in the morning?
4. Does she swim in the sea?
5. Does she have a massage at the spa?
6. Does she read a book at noon?
7. Does she watch the sunset from the balcony?
8. Does she eat dinner in the restaurant?
9. Does she walk in the garden after dinner?
10. Does she sleep well at night?
11. Does she go shopping in the afternoon?
12. Does she drink juice for breakfast?
13. Does she swim in the big pool?
14. Does she visit a temple in the afternoon?
15. Does she listen to music in her room?
16. Does she watch TV after dinner?
17. Does she rest in her room at noon?
18. Does she eat lunch at noon?
19. Does she feel happy and calm after walking in the garden?
20. Does she go to bed late every night?

______________________

#####################

Exercise 4, answer these questions:

1. What is her name?
2. Where is she on holiday?
3. When does she wake up?
4. What does she see when she opens the curtains?
5. Where does she eat breakfast?
6. What does she drink in the morning?
7. What does she eat for breakfast?
8. What does she do after breakfast?
9. Where does she swim?
10. How is the water in the pool?
11. What does she do at noon?
12. What does she read?
13. What does she listen to?
14. Where does she go in the afternoon?
15. What does she do at the spa?
16. How does the massage feel?
17. Where does she watch the sunset?
18. What does she do after dinner?
19. How does she feel after walking in the garden?
20. Does she like her holiday?

_______________________

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###################
Text:

My name is Chhorvon. I am on holiday in a luxury resort in Siem Reap. I tell you about my day.

I wake up at 7 o’clock. I open the curtains and see the green garden. I go to the restaurant and eat breakfast. I drink coffee and eat fresh fruit.

After breakfast, I swim in the big pool. The water is cool and nice.

At noon, I rest in my room. I read a book and listen to music.

In the afternoon, I go to the spa. I have a massage. It feels very good.

In the evening, I watch the sunset from the balcony. Then I eat dinner in the restaurant. The food is delicious.

After dinner, I walk in the garden. I feel happy and calm.

I go to bed and sleep well. I like my holiday here.

#################
#################

Exercise 3, answers:

Does she go to bed late every night? No, she doesn’t.

Does Chhorvon wake up at 7 o’clock? Yes, she does.

Does she eat breakfast in her room? No, she doesn’t.

Does she drink coffee in the morning? Yes, she does.

Does she swim in the sea? No, she doesn’t.

Does she have a massage at the spa? Yes, she does.

Does she read a book at noon? Yes, she does.

Does she watch the sunset from the balcony? Yes, she does.

Does she eat dinner in the restaurant? Yes, she does.

Does she walk in the garden after dinner? Yes, she does.

Does she sleep well at night? Yes, she does.

Does she go shopping in the afternoon? No, she doesn’t.

Does she drink juice for breakfast? No, she doesn’t.

Does she swim in the big pool? Yes, she does.

Does she visit a temple in the afternoon? No, she doesn’t.

Does she listen to music in her room? Yes, she does.

Does she watch TV after dinner? No, she doesn’t.

Does she rest in her room at noon? Yes, she does.

Does she eat lunch at noon? No, she doesn’t.

Does she feel happy and calm after walking in the garden? Yes, she does.

#################

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Exercise 4, answers:

What is her name?
— Her name is Chhorvon.

Where is she on holiday?
— She is on holiday in Siem Reap.

When does she wake up?
— She wakes up at 7 o’clock.

What does she see when she opens the curtains?
— She sees the green garden.

Where does she eat breakfast?
— She eats breakfast in the restaurant.

What does she drink in the morning?
— She drinks coffee.

What does she eat for breakfast?
— She eats fresh fruit.

What does she do after breakfast?
— She swims in the big pool.

Where does she swim?
— She swims in the big pool.

How is the water in the pool?
— The water is cool and nice.

What does she do at noon?
— She rests in her room.

What does she read?
— She reads a book.

What does she listen to?
— She listens to music.

Where does she go in the afternoon?
— She goes to the spa.

What does she do at the spa?
— She has a massage.

How does the massage feel?
— It feels very good.

Where does she watch the sunset?
— She watches the sunset from the balcony.

What does she do after dinner?
— She walks in the garden.

How does she feel after walking in the garden?
— She feels happy and calm.

Does she like her holiday?
— Yes, she likes her holiday.


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###################

Don’t listen to the text.
Write many sentences about it.”

###################
###################

• When a child, Dara’s dream was to become a teacher, now he is, teaching youngsters in the Shinta Mani Foundation class.
  We are looking back at the days of his childhood.

He lived in a small village in Cambodia. His parents were farmers. Dara helped them in the fields every day.

Every morning, Dara went to school. He walked or rode his bike. The road to school was long. Dara liked the fresh air and the green trees. Sometimes, he saw birds and butterflies on the way.

Dara’s school was small. There were many children in the classroom. The school had simple desks and chairs. Dara listened to the teacher and learned new things every day.

Dara liked to learn reading, writing, and math. He paid attention in class. Dara’s favorite time was when he played with his friends during the break. They ran, laughed, and had fun together.

Dara was happy to go to school every day. He wanted to learn more and help his family. Dara dreamed to be a teacher when he grew up. He wanted to teach other children in his village.

________________________

Verbs, infinitive, past simple, definition

1. live — lived — to have a home in a place
2. be — was / were — to exist or be somewhere
3. help — helped — to do something for someone
4. go — went — to move to a place
5. walk — walked — to move using your feet slowly
6. ride — rode — to sit on a bike or animal and move
7. like — liked — to enjoy something
8. see — saw — to look at something
9. have — had — to own or hold something
10. listen — listened — to hear carefully
11. learn — learned — to get new knowledge
12. pay — paid — to give attention
13. play — played — to do fun activities
14. run — ran — to move fast on your feet
15. laugh — laughed — to make a happy sound
16. want — wanted — to wish for something
17. dream — dreamed — to think about something you want
18. grow — grew — to become bigger or older
19. teach — teach — to help someone learn something

_________________________
Match definition, word/s

Definitions:

1. A person who grows food or takes care of animals.
   _________________
2. To sit on a bicycle and move by pushing the pedals.
   _________________
3. The time when you are a child.
   _________________
4. A small flying insect with colorful wings.
   _________________
5. To watch or listen carefully.
   _________________
6. A table where you write or study.
   _________________
7. Not always, but now and then.
   _________________
8. To make happy sounds when something is funny.
   _________________
9. Something you sit on.
   _________________
10. The part of the day you like the most.
    _________________
11. To become older and an adult.
    _________________
12. A path for cars, bikes, or people to travel on.
    _________________
13. What is true or real, not a dream.
    _________________
14. Time to rest and play between classes.
    _________________
15. To work with plants or crops outside.
    _________________
16. To hear and pay attention to the teacher.
    _________________
17. School subject about numbers and counting.
    _________________
18. Young people or children.
    _________________
19. To wish for something.
    _________________
20. To do fun activities.
    _________________

___________________________________

Words:

a) to listen to the teacher
b) to help in the fields
c) to laugh
d) a road
e) to want
f) a desk
g) to grow up
h) math
i) to ride a bike
j) a butterfly
k) to pay attention
l) a farmer
m) a break
n) favorite time
o) to play
p) childhood
q) sometimes
r) a chair
s) youngsters
t) reality

_________________

Answers:
1-l, 2-i, 3-p, 4-j, 5-k, 6-f, 7-q, 8-c,
9-r, 10-n, 11-g, 12-d, 13-t, 14-m,
15-b, 16-a, 17-h, 18-s, 19-e, 20-o

___________

A person who grows food or takes care of animals. — a farmer

To sit on a bicycle and move by pushing the pedals. — to ride a bike

The time when you are a child. — childhood

A small flying insect with colorful wings. — a butterfly

To watch or listen carefully. — to pay attention

A table where you write or study. — a desk

Not always, but now and then. — sometimes

To make happy sounds when something is funny. — to laugh

Something you sit on. — a chair

The part of the day you like the most. — favorite time

To become older and an adult. — to grow up

A path for cars, bikes, or people to travel on. — a road

What is true or real, not a dream. — reality

Time to rest and play between classes. — a break

To work with plants or crops outside. — to help in the fields

To hear and pay attention to the teacher. — to listen to the teacher

School subject about numbers and counting. — math

Young people or children. — youngsters

To wish for something. — to want

To do fun activities. — to play
#####################

True or false?

1. Dara lived in a big city.
2. His parents were farmers.
3. Dara helped his parents in the fields every day.
4. Dara went to school by car.
5. The road to school was short.
6. Dara liked the fresh air and green trees on his way.
7. Dara’s school was large.
8. There were many children in Dara’s classroom.
9. Dara did not like to learn reading.
10. Dara paid attention in class.
11. Dara’s favorite time was when he played with his friends.
12. Dara never laughed with his friends.
13. Dara was happy to go to school every day.
14. Dara wanted to be a doctor.
15. Dara dreamed to be a teacher.
16. Dara wanted to teach children in his village.

True: 2, 3, 6, 8, 10, 11, 13, 15, 16
###################

Yes, he/they did, or, No he/they didn’t?

1. Dara lived in a big city.
2. His parents were farmers.
3. Dara helped his parents in the fields every day.
4. Dara went to school by car.
5. The road to school was short.
6. Dara liked the fresh air and green trees on his way.
7. Dara’s school was large.
8. There were many children in Dara’s classroom.
9. Dara did not like to learn reading.
10. Dara paid attention in class.
11. Dara’s favorite time was when he played with his friends.
12. Dara never laughed with his friends.
13. Dara was happy to go to school every day.
14. Dara wanted to be a doctor.
15. Dara dreamed to be a teacher.
16. Dara wanted to teach children in his village.

____________________

Answers:

1. Dara lived in a big city. — No, he didn’t.
2. His parents were farmers. — Yes, they were.
3. Dara helped his parents in the fields every day. — Yes, he did.
4. Dara went to school by car. — No, he didn’t.
5. The road to school was short. — No, it wasn’t.
6. Dara liked the fresh air and green trees on his way. — Yes, he did.
7. Dara’s school was large. — No, it wasn’t.
8. There were many children in Dara’s classroom. — Yes, there were.
9. Dara liked to learn reading. — Yes, he did.
10. Dara paid attention in class. — Yes, he did.
11. Dara’s favorite time was when he played with his family. — No, it wasn’t.
12. Dara always laughed with his friends. — Yes, he did.
13. Dara was happy to go to school every day. — Yes, he was.
14. Dara wanted to be a doctor. — No, he didn’t.
15. Dara dreamed to be a teacher. — Yes, he did.
16. Dara wanted to teach children in a big city. — No, he didn’t.

#########################

Form questions to which the word/s given is/are the answer:

Example:
1. Dara lived in the countryside.
a) Dara: Who lived in the countryside?
b) lived in the countryside: What did she do?
c) in the countryside: Where did she live?

2. His parents worked in the green fields every day.
   a) His parents: ________________
   b) His: ________________
   c) worked in the fields: ________________
   d) in the green fields: ________________
   e) green: ________________
   f) every day: ________________
   

3. Dara helped his parents in the fields every day.
   a) Dara: ________________
   b) helped his parents: ________________
   c) in the fields: ________________
   d) every day: i) ________________
   ii) ________________
   
   

4. Dara went to school by walking or riding his bike.
   a) Dara: ________________
   b) went to school: ________________
   c) by walking or riding his bike: ________________
   d) to school: ________________

5. Dara liked the fresh air every time he went so school.
   a) Dara: ________________
   b) the fresh air: ________________
   c) every time he went so school: ________________

6. Dara played with his friends in the school yard..
   a) Dara: ________________
   b) played with his friends: ________________
   c) with his friends: ________________
   d) his: ________________
   e) in the school yard: ________________
   f) school: ________________
   

_________________________
Correct version:

1. Dara lived in the countryside.
a) Dara: Who lived in the countryside?
b) lived in the countryside: What did she do?
c) in the countryside: Where did she live?

2. His parents worked in the green fields every day.
   a) His parents: Who were farmers?
   b) His: Whose parents worked in the fields?
   c) worked in the fields: What did his parents do?
   d) in the green fields: Where did his parents work?
   e) green: In which fields did his parents work?
   f) every day: When did his parents work in the fields?
   How often did his parents work in the fields.
   

3. Dara helped his parents in the fields every day.
   a) Dara: Who helped his parents?
   b) helped his parents: What did Dara do?
   c) in the fields: Where did Dara help?
   d) every day: How often did Dara help?
   When did Dara help his parents?
   

4. Dara went to school by walking or riding his bike.
   a) Dara: Who went to school?
   b) went to school: What did Dara do?
   c) by walking or riding his bike: How did Dara go to school?
   d) to school: Where did Dara go by walking or riding his bike?

5. Dara liked the fresh air every time he went so school.
   a) Dara: Who liked the fresh air?
   b) the fresh air: What did Dara like?
   c) every time he went to school: When did Dara like the fresh air?

6. Dara played with his friends in the school yard..
   a) Dara: Who played with his friends?
   b) played with his friends: What did he do?
   c) with his friends: Who did Dara play with?
   d) his: With whose friends did Dara play?
   e) in the school yard: Where did he play with his friends?
   f) school: In which yard did Dara play?
   
   
   #################
   
   One of Dara’s best friends: Salas
   

• Remembers his time when he was a friendly bartender who mixed skill, speed, and a warm welcome to give every guest a special experience.
  
  
  Before doing that exercise check out:

# Sareth: serving drinks, smiles, and great memories (A2) for vocabulary,

# Past simple tense including irregular verbs

###################

Sareth about his time when he started his career, when he was a bartender in a five-star resort in Siem Reap:

I worked as a bartender in a hotel. I believed I was a great bartender because I was friendly and approachable. When guests arrived at the bar, I always greeted them with a warm smile and made them feel welcome. I liked to create a relaxed and happy atmosphere where people could enjoy their time.

I knew a lot about drinks, such as cocktails, beers, and wines. If a guest was not sure what to order, I could recommend something they would enjoy. I listened carefully to their order and made sure I prepared the drink exactly as they wanted it.

I worked quickly and stayed organized. Even during busy times, I managed many orders at once and still kept the bar clean. I liked to talk to customers, make them laugh, and keep the mood lively.

I also served drinks responsibly. If a guest had had enough, I knew how to stop serving politely. I was good at solving problems and making sure guests left happy.

I paid attention to small details, like the garnish, the glass, and the way the drink looked. I worked well with my team, and together we gave the best service possible. For me, being a great bartender meant more than making drinks—it meant creating a special experience for every guest.

################

True or false?

1. Sareth worked as a bartender in a hotel.
2. He believed he was a great bartender because he was friendly.
3. He never smiled at guests.
4. He liked to make the bar relaxed and happy.
5. He knew about cocktails, beers, and wines.
6. He never gave drink recommendations.
7. He listened carefully to guests’ orders.
8. He always made drinks differently from what guests wanted.
9. He worked quickly and stayed organized.
10. He kept the bar dirty.
11. He liked to talk to customers and make them laugh.
12. He always served drinks, even if guests had too much.
13. He stopped serving politely if guests had enough to drink.
14. He was good at solving problems.
15. He wanted guests to leave unhappy.
16. He paid attention to small details like garnish and glasses.
17. He never worked with a team.
18. He gave the best service together with his team.
19. He thought being a bartender was only about making drinks.
20. He believed being a great bartender was also about creating a special experience.

True: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 14, 16, 18, 20

###################

Gap-fill:

1. Sareth ______ at a hotel bar.
   a) worked
   b) works
   c) working
2. He always ______ guests with a friendly smile.
   a) greet
   b) greeted
   c) greeting
3. He ______ many types of drinks.
   a) know
   b) knew
   c) knows
4. When guests didn’t know what to order, he ______ a good drink.
   a) recommend
   b) recommended
   c) recommending
5. He always ______ the drink as guests wanted.
   a) make
   b) made
   c) making
6. During busy times, he ______ many orders fast.
   a) managed
   b) manage
   c) managing
7. He ______ to customers and made them laugh.
   a) spoke
   b) speak
   c) speaking
8. He ______ the bar clean even when busy.
   a) keeps
   b) kept
   c) keeping
9. If guests drank too much, he ______ serving politely.
   a) stopped
   b) stop
   c) stopping
10. He was good at ______ problems.
    a) solve
    b) solved
    c) solving
11. He paid attention to small ______ on the drinks.
    a) detail
    b) details
    c) detailed
12. He worked well with his ______.
    a) teams
    b) team
    c) teaming
13. For him, being a great bartender was more than just ______ drinks.
    a) made
    b) making
    c) make
14. He always ______ guests feel welcome.
    a) made
    b) make
    c) making
15. Guests usually ______ happy when they left.
    a) leave
    b) left
    c) leaving

Answers:
1 a, 2 b, 3 b, 4 b, 5 b, 6 a, 7 a, 8 b, 9 a,
10 c, 11 b, 12 b, 13 b, 14 a, 15 b

_____________________

Listen – correct version:

1. Sareth worked at a hotel bar.
2. He always greeted guests with a friendly smile.
3. He knew many types of drinks.
4. When guests didn’t know what to order, he recommended a good drink.
5. He always made the drink as guests wanted.
6. During busy times, he managed many orders fast.
7. He spoke to customers and made them laugh.
8. He kept the bar clean even when busy.
9. If guests drank too much, he stopped serving politely.
10. He was good at solving problems.
11. He paid attention to small details on the drinks.
12. He worked well with his team.
13. For him, being a great bartender was more than just making drinks.
14. He always made guests feel welcome.
15. Guests usually left happy when they left.

##################

Yes, he did? or, No he didn’t?

1. Did he work as a bartender in a hotel?
2. Did he greet guests with a cold face?
3. Did he know a lot about drinks?
4. Did he recommend drinks when guests didn’t know what to order?
5. Did he make drinks the wrong way?
6. Did he work slowly during busy times?
7. Did he manage many orders at once?
8. Did he keep the bar dirty?
9. Did he stop serving when guests had enough?
10. Did he ignore problems?
11. Did he pay attention to small details on the drinks?
12. Did he work well with his team?
13. Did he think making drinks was not important?
14. Did he make guests feel welcome?
15. Did guests usually leave happy?
16. Did he talk to customers and make them laugh?
17. Did he forget to listen to guests‘ orders?
18. Did he prepare drinks exactly as guests wanted?
19. Did he refuse to work with his team?
20. Did he want to create a happy atmosphere for guests?

________________________

Correct version:

1. Did he work as a bartender in a hotel? — Yes, he did.
2. Did he greet guests with a cold face? — No, he didn’t.
3. Did he know a lot about drinks? — Yes, he did.
4. Did he recommend drinks when guests didn’t know what to order? — Yes, he did.
5. Did he make drinks the wrong way? — No, he didn’t.
6. Did he work slowly during busy times? — No, he didn’t.
7. Did he manage many orders at once? — Yes, he did.
8. Did he keep the bar dirty? — No, he didn’t.
9. Did he stop serving when guests had enough? — Yes, he did.
10. Did he ignore problems? — No, he didn’t.
11. Did he pay attention to small details on the drinks? — Yes, he did.
12. Did he work well with his team? — Yes, he did.
13. Did he think making drinks was not important? — No, he didn’t.
14. Did he make guests feel welcome? — Yes, he did.
15. Did guests usually leave happy? — Yes, they did.
16. Did he talk to customers and make them laugh? — Yes, he did.
17. Did he forget to listen to guests‘ orders? — No, he didn’t.
18. Did he prepare drinks exactly as guests wanted? — Yes, he did.
19. Did he not want to work with his team? — No, he didn’t.
20. Did he want to create a happy atmosphere for guests? — Yes, he did.

####################

Form questions to which the words given are the answer:

1. She served cocktails with a friendly smile.
a) She: _______________
b) served cocktails: _______________
c) cocktails: _______________
d) with a friendly smile: _______________

2. They listened carefully to every order.
a) They: _______________
b) listened carefully; _______________
c) carefully: _______________
d) to every order: _______________

3. He stopped serving when guests had enough.
a) He: _______________
b) stopped serving: _______________
c) serving: _______________
d) when guests had enough: _______________

4. The bartender cleaned the bar quickly.
a) The bartender: _______________
b) cleaned the bar: _______________
c) the bar: _______________
d) quickly: _______________

5. We worked well with the whole team.
a) We: _______________
b) worked well with the team: _______________
c) well: _______________
d) with the whole team: _______________

______________________

Correct version:

1. She served cocktails with a friendly smile.
a) Who served cocktails with a friendly smile?
b) What did she do?
c) What did she serve?
d) How did she serve cocktails?

2. They listened carefully to every order.
a) Who listened carefully to every order?
b) What did they do?
c) How did they listen to the orders?
d) What did they listen to carefully?

3. He stopped serving when guests had enough.
a) Who stopped serving when guests had enough?
b) What did he do when guests had enough?
c) What did he stop?
d) When did he stop serving?

4. The bartender cleaned the bar quickly.
a) Who cleaned the bar quickly?
b) What did the bartender do?
c) What did the bartender clean?
d) How did the bartender clean the bar?

5. We worked well with the whole team.
a) Who worked well with the whole team?
b) What did we do?
c) How did we work with the team?
d) Who did we work with well?

#################

Complete, words below:

busy – beers – well – hotel – enough – recommended – politely – warm – customers – clean – exactly – guest
_____________________

1. Where did you work as a bartender?
   I worked in a __________ bar in Siem Reap.
2. How did you greet the guests?
   I greeted them with a __________ smile.
3. What drinks did you know?
   I knew many drinks like cocktails, __________, and wines.
4. What did you do if a guest did not know what to order?
   I __________ a drink they would like.
5. How did you prepare the drinks?
   I prepared the drinks __________ as the guests wanted.
6. When did you work quickly?
   I worked quickly during __________ times.
7. Where did you keep the bar clean?
   I kept the bar __________ all the time.
8. Who did you talk to at the bar?
   I talked to the __________.
9. Why did you stop serving some guests?
   I stopped serving if guests had __________.
10. How did you solve problems?
    I solved problems __________ and quickly.
11. Who did you work with?
    I worked ___________ with my team.
12. What did being a great bartender mean to you?
    It meant making every __________ happy and comfortable.

___________________

Correct version:

1. Where did you work as a bartender?
   I worked in a hotel bar in Siem Reap.
2. How did you greet the guests?
   I greeted them with a warm smile.
3. What drinks did you know?
   I knew many drinks like cocktails, beers, and wines.
4. What did you do if a guest did not know what to order?
   I recommended a drink they would like.
5. How did you prepare the drinks?
   I prepared the drinks exactly as the guests wanted.
6. When did you work quickly?
   I worked quickly during busy times.
7. Where did you keep the bar clean?
   I kept the bar clean all the time.
8. Who did you talk to at the bar?
   I talked to the customers.
9. Why did you stop serving some guests?
   I stopped serving if guests had enough.
10. How did you solve problems?
    I solved problems politely and quickly.
11. Who did you work with?
    I worked well with my team.
12. What did being a great bartender mean to you?
    It meant making every guest happy and comfortable.

##################

Form a) question, b) negation, c) negative question:

He made drinks quickly.
a) Did he make drinks quickly?
b) He did not make drinks quickly.
c) Didn’t he make drinks quickly?

She knew many cocktails.
a) ________________________
b) ________________________
c) ________________________

They drank beers at the bar.
a) ________________________
b) ________________________
c) ________________________

I gave good recommendations.
a) ________________________
b) ________________________
c) ________________________

We spoke to many customers.
a) ________________________
b) ________________________
c) ________________________

He took orders carefully.
a) ________________________
b) ________________________
c) ________________________

She came to work early.
a) ________________________
b) ________________________
c) ________________________

They got the orders right.
a) ________________________
b) ________________________
c) ________________________

I found the perfect drink.
a) ________________________
b) ________________________
c) ________________________

We sent drinks to the tables.
a) ________________________
b) ________________________
c) ________________________

#############
Correct answers (audio file below):

1. He made drinks quickly.
a) Did he make drinks quickly?
b) He did not make drinks quickly.
c) Didn’t he make drinks quickly?

2. She knew many cocktails.
a) Did she know many cocktails?
b) She did not know many cocktails.
c) Didn’t she know many cocktails?

3. They drank beers at the bar.
a) Did they drink beers at the bar?
b) They did not drink beers at the bar.
c) Didn’t they drink beers at the bar?

4. I gave good recommendations.
a) Did I give good recommendations?
b) I did not give good recommendations.
c) Didn’t I give good recommendations?

5. We spoke to many customers.
a) Did we speak to many customers?
b) We did not speak to many customers.
c) Didn’t we speak to many customers?

6. He took orders carefully.
a) Did he take orders carefully?
b) He did not take orders carefully.
c) Didn’t he take orders carefully?

7. She came to work early.
a) Did she come to work early?
b) She did not come to work early.
c) Didn’t she come to work early?

8. They got the orders right.
a) Did they get the orders right?
b) They did not get the orders right.
c) Didn’t they get the orders right?

9. I found the perfect drink.
a) Did I find the perfect drink?
b) I did not find the perfect drink.
c) Didn’t I find the perfect drink?

10. We sent drinks to the tables.
a) Did we send drinks to the tables?
b) We did not send drinks to the tables.
c) Didn’t we send drinks to the tables?

##################

Fill in, past simple:

I __________ (work) as a bartender in a 5-star resort in Siem Reap. Every day, I __________ (meet) many guests from around the world.
I __________ (greet) them with a smile and __________ (make) them feel welcome.
I __________ (know) many drink recipes and __________ (gave) suggestions when they could not decide.
I __________ (take) orders, __________ (make) cocktails, and __________ (put) fresh garnish on the glasses.
I __________ (speak)with guests, __________ (tell) stories, and __________ (make) them laugh.
Sometimes I __________ (see) old visitors who __________ (come) back to the resort, and we __________ (share) good memories.
I __________ (keep) the bar clean, __________ (wash) the glasses, and __________ (aarange) the bottles neatly.
When my shift __________ (end), I __________ (count) the money, __________ (turn) off the lights, and __________ (leave) feeling proud.

Correct version:

I worked as a bartender in a 5-star resort in Siem Reap. Every day, I met many guests from around the world. I greeted them with a smile and made them feel welcome. I knew many drink recipes and gave suggestions when they could not decide. I took orders, made cocktails, and put fresh garnish on the glasses. I spoke with guests, told stories, and made them laugh. Sometimes I saw old visitors who came back to the resort, and we shared good memories. I kept the bar clean, washed the glasses, and arranged the bottles neatly. When my shift ended, I counted the money, turned off the lights, and left feeling proud.

################

• memories, looking back
  

Nowadays Chantrea runs her own top restaurant in Phnom Penh. She thinks about the time when she started her career in the tourism and hospitality business.

_____________________

##################################

1. Before you start go through this text
2. Make sure you are familiar with past simple (regular, irregular verbs)

##########################

I loved working in tourism, especially in a hotel. There were three main reasons why I enjoyed my job.

The first reason was that I met people from all over the world. Every day, guests came from different countries. They told me about their lives and cultures. I liked talking with them and learning new things. Sometimes they taught me words in their language. Sometimes they told me about their hometowns. It made my day exciting.

The second reason was that my job was never boring. Each day was different. One day I helped guests with their travel plans. Another day I organized small events. Sometimes I solved problems. I liked finding solutions and making guests happy. Every situation was new, and that kept my work interesting.

The third reason was my team. I worked with friendly and helpful colleagues. We supported each other and shared ideas. We made sure everything in the hotel ran well. It felt good to be part of a strong team.

These three reasons—meeting people, having different days, and working with a great team—made tourism the best job for me.

____________________

especially – more than usual; more than other things

a main reason – the most important cause or explanation

to enjoy (enjoyed) – to like something and feel happy doing it

different countries – places in the world that are not the same

culture – the way people live, including food, music, clothes, and traditions

to teach (taught)somebody – to help someone learn something

a language – words and grammar people use to talk to each other

a hometown – the town or city where you were born or grew up

exciting – making you feel happy and interested

to be (was/were) boring – not interesting; making you feel tired or not excited

a travel plan – a list of places you want to visit and when you will go

to organize (organized) – to plan and prepare something

an event – a special activity, like a party or a meeting

to solve (solved) a problem – to find a way to fix something that is wrong

to find (found) a solution – to discover the answer to a problem

to make (made) sure – to check that something is correct or happens as planned

to keep (kept) work interesting – to make work fun and not boring

a colleague – a person you work with

to support (supported) – to help someone when they need it

to share (shared) ideas – to tell other people your thoughts or plans

to run (ran) well – to work in a good and correct way

to feel (felt) good – to be happy or comfortable
################

True or false?

1. Chantrea loved working in tourism.
2. She worked in a hospital.
3. She met people from different countries.
4. Guests never told her about their cultures.
5. Sometimes guests taught her words in their language.
6. Her job was always boring.
7. One day she helped guests with travel plans.
8. She never organized events at the hotel.
9. She liked finding solutions for guests.
10. Her colleagues were friendly and helpful.
11. The hotel team never shared ideas.
12. She cleaned all the hotel rooms every day.
13. Her team supported each other.
14. They made sure the hotel ran well.
15. She thought tourism was the best job for her.
16. She wanted to leave her job quickly.

______________________

True: 1,3,5,7,9,10,13,14,15,

###############

Yes, she did? or, No, she didn’t?

1. Did she work in a hotel?
   Yes, she did.
2. Did she meet guests from many countries?
   ________________
3. Did she clean hotel rooms every day?
   ________________
4. Did she organize small events?
   ________________
5. Did she like solving problems?
   ________________
6. Did she work alone without a team?
   ________________
7. Did she learn new words from guests?
   ________________
8. Did she get bored at work every day?
   ________________
9. Did she tell guests about her own culture?
   ________________
10. Did she like meeting people?
    ________________
11. Did she have unfriendly colleagues?
    ________________
12. Did she solve guests’ problems?
    ________________
13. Did she work in a restaurant?
    ________________
14. Did she share ideas with her team?
    ________________
15. Did she organize trips for guests?
    ________________
16. Did she enjoy working in tourism?
    ________________
17. Did she often repeat the same work?
    ________________
18. Did she think her job was the best?
    ________________

_________________

Answers:

#####################

Fill in the past tense forms of the verbs given:

1. She __________ (love) working in tourism.
2. She __________ (work) in a hotel.
3. She __________ (meet) people from different countries.
4. Guests __________ (tell) her about their lives.
5. She __________ (learn) new words from guests.
6. She __________ (like) talking with guests.
7. Her job __________ (be) never boring.
8. She __________ (help) guests with travel plans.
9. She __________ (organize) small events.
10. She __________ (solve) problems for guests.
11. She __________ (work) with friendly colleagues.
12. They __________ (share) ideas and support each other.

______________________

Answers:

1. She loved working in tourism.
2. She worked in a hotel.
3. She met people from different countries.
4. Guests told her about their lives.
5. She learned new words from guests.
6. She liked talking with guests.
7. Her job was never boring.
8. She helped guests with travel plans.
9. She organized small events.
10. She solved problems for guests.
11. She worked with friendly colleagues.
12. They shared ideas and supported each other.

##################
Question, negation, negative question……

1. She met people from many countries.
   a) Did she meet people from many countries?
   b) She didn’t meet people from many countries.
   c) Didn’t she meet people from many countries?
   
2. Guests told her about their lives.
   a)__________________________
   b)__________________________
   c)__________________________
3. She learned new words from guests.
   a)__________________________
   b)__________________________
   c)__________________________
4. She helped guests with travel plans.
   a)__________________________
   b)__________________________
   c)__________________________
5. She worked with friendly colleagues.
   a)__________________________
   b)__________________________
   c)__________________________

_________________________

Correct version:

She met people from many countries.
a) Did she meet people from many countries?
b) She didn’t meet people from many countries.
c) Didn’t she meet people from many countries?

Guests told her about their lives.
a) Did guests tell her about their lives?
b) Guests didn’t tell her about their lives.
c) Didn’t guests tell her about their lives?

She learned new words from guests.
a) Did she learn new words from guests?
b) She didn’t learn new words from guests.
c) Didn’t she learn new words from guests?

She helped guests with travel plans.
a) Did she help guests with travel plans?
b) She didn’t help guests with travel plans.
c) Didn’t she help guests with travel plans?

She worked with friendly colleagues.
a) Did she work with friendly colleagues?
b) She didn’t work with friendly colleagues.
c) Didn’t she work with friendly colleagues?

##################

Form questions to which the word/s given is/are the correct answer.

Example:

1. She met guests from many countries.
   a) She: Who met guests from many countries.
   b) met: What did she do?
   c) guests from many countries: Who did she meet?
   
2. Guests told her about their lives and cultures.
   a) Guests:___________________
   b) told her: ___________________
   c) her: ___________________
   d) their lives and cultures: ___________________
   
3. She learned new words from guests.
   a) Who: ___________________
   b) learned new words: ___________________
   c)new words: ___________________
   
4. She helped guests with their travel plans.
   a) She: ___________________
   b) helped guests: ___________________
   c) their travel plans: ___________________
   
5. She worked with friendly colleagues.
   a) She: ___________________
   b) worked: ___________________
   c) friendly colleagues: ___________________

_____________________

2,
a) Who told her about their lives and culture.
b) What did she do?
c) Who did guests tell about their lives and culture?
d) What did guests tell her about?

3.
a) Who learned new words from guests?
b) What did she do?
c) What did she learn from tests?

4.
a) Who helped guests?
b) What did she do?
c) What did she help guests with?

5.
a) Who worked with friendly colleagues?
b) What did she do?
c) Who did she work with?
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Fill in, words below:

boring – cultures – colleagues – hotel – people – different – events – talked – travel – strong

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Interviewer: Where did you work?
Chantrea: I worked in a __________.

Interviewer: Who did you meet at your job?
Chantrea: I met many people from __________ countries.

Interviewer: What did guests tell you about?
Chantrea: Guests told me about their lives and __________.

Interviewer: When did you learn new words?
Chantrea: I learned new words when I __________ with guests.

Interviewer: Why did you like your job?
Chantrea: I liked my job because it was never __________.

Interviewer: How did you help guests?
Chantrea: I helped guests with their __________ plans.

Interviewer: What did you organize sometimes?
Chantrea: I organized small __________ sometimes.

Interviewer: Who did you work with?
Chantrea: I worked with friendly __________.

Interviewer: How did your team feel?
Chantrea: My team felt __________ and helpful.

Interviewer: What made your job exciting?
Chantrea: Meeting __________ and new situations made my job exciting.

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Correct version:

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